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Challenges and Opportunities of EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment)

Challenges and Opportunities of EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment)

Introduction
The globalization of the economy as well as the society has confronted the world market over the past years. It is said that increased market competition has been able to identify the continuous adjustment and development in the production lines of nations to determine the participation of the smaller unit of the society. The introduction of the new divisions of the international labor calls for the assessment and restructuring of the business operations and its reevaluation of the governing economic policies of a nation. As such, a shift of focus as well as interest from the local market to the global setting had demanded innovation and Challenges and Opportunities of EIA not just in adhering to technological advancement and the adherence to social responsibility and environmental sustainability.

Background of the Study
Over the last years, the value of the environment has been taken for granted by various individuals and by various companies. It is said that most technologically advance facilities as well as other human activities had damaged extremely the environment and its elements like the air, water, land and others (Anglo American plc, 2001). With these problems, various organizations around the globe have been able to establish a system that makes different countries to become more aware in adhering to the need for environmental sustainability. It is noted that in the world in which the only constant is change, it is essential that the corporations must have a regulation to follow in order to continuously adapt to the changing environment and sustain environmental needs.

Statement of the Problem
Primarily, the main goal of Environmental Impact Assessment or the known EIA or this study is the restoration or maintenance of desired conditions which has already existed. The context can be applied in many aspects most specifically in the environment. EIA has been known significant to the situation in which a key physical or biological attributed of the environment are sustained or maintained and where relevant, restored (Sutton, 2003).  Such attributes composed for instance (1) the restoration of the very low extinctions rates which occurred before the use of technology started to have their impact, (2) the maintenance of support systems which include hydrological cycles, nutrient flows, ocean circulations, climate conditions, screening of ultraviolet light and others and (3) the alterations of renewable resources for fossil resources, etc. (Goodland, 1995).
Furthermore, EIA also aimed to the redesigning or restructuring of established system to contribute to sustainable economic development as well as the protection and renewal of the biosphere.



Aims and Objectives
The aim of this essay is to propose a study that will investigate the Challenges and Opportunities of EIA. In this proposal, all are based from literatures about Challenges and Opportunities of EIA.
The following are the objectives of this research:

1.         To provide a discussion about the Challenges and Opportunities of EIA.
2.         To define EIA.
3.         To search and discuss literatures that provides information concerning the Challenges and Opportunities of EIA.

Methodology
Research requires an organized data gathering in order to pinpoint the research philosophies and theories that will be included in the research, the methodology of the research and the instruments of data interpretation. The research described in this document is partly based on quantitative research methods. This permits a flexible and iterative approach. During data gathering the choice and design of methods are constantly modified, based on ongoing analysis. This allows investigation of important new issues and questions as they arise, and allows the investigators to drop unproductive areas of research from the original research plan.
This study also employs qualitative research method, since this research intends to find and build theories that would explain the relationship of one variable with another variable through qualitative elements in research. These qualitative elements does not have standard measures, rather they are behavior, attitudes, opinions, and beliefs.
Furthermore, as we define the qualitative research it is multimethod in focus, involving an interpretative, naturalistic approach to its subject matter. This means that qualitative researchers study things in their natural settings, attempting to make sense of, or interpret phenomena in terms of the meanings people bring to them. Accordingly, qualitative researchers deploy a wide range of interconnected methods, hoping always to get a better fix on the subject matter at hand.

Data Analysis
The primary source of data will come from the researcher-made questionnaire and interview questions. The primary data frequently gives the detailed definitions of terms and statistical units used in the study. These are usually broken down into finer classifications.
The secondary sources of data will come from published articles from social science journals, theses and related studies on corporate management. Acquiring secondary data are more convenient to use because they are already condensed and organized. Moreover, analysis and interpretation are done more easily.

References:
Anglo American plc (2001). Resourcing our future Anglo American plc Safety, Health and Environment Report. Anglo American Communications Department.
Goodland, R. (1995). The Concept of Environmental Sustainability. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematic 26: 1-24.
Sutton, P.C. (2003). An Empirical Environmental Sustainability Index Derived Solely from Night time Satellite Imagery and Ecosystem Service Valuation. Population and Environment, 24(4): 293-311.


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