1.0 Introduction The importance of training and assessment effectiveness has long been recognized as a crucial issue for organizations (Ford et al., 1997; Noe and Ford, 1992; Tannenbaum and Yukl, 1992). To the extent that employee-training programs are effective, organizations are able to avoid wasteful spending and improve performance and productivity. Thus, a key consideration for virtually all organizations is the expected return provided the organization for its training investment. Because it has been suggested that organizations are likely to increase their reliance upon and utilization of employee training programs in years to come, the effectiveness of competency-based training and assessment in the Oil and Gas Industry is likely to become even more salient in the future. In today's Oil and Gas Industry, workers must be prepared to change the way they do their jobs in order to capture the benefits from rapidly evolving technology. Competency...